Apparatus for defecating liquids.



Patsnted Mar. I3, |900.

No. 645.2911d E. W. UEIIING.

APPARATUS FUR DEFEBATIIIG LIUUIUS. Application hd lay b, 1809.

No Modal 2 Sheath-8M l,

n M ulmummnlugg n 1@ ggf/@MQW Y. 4. yfgmmw @Mz/ E No. 645,290. Patented Mar. i3, i900.

E. W. DEMING.

APPARATUS FUR DEFECATING LIUUIDS.

(Application filed May 5, IBSQJ ma Modell) 2 sums-sheet 2A UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE WATSON DlMlNG, 0F NEiV ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

APPARATUS FOR DEFECATING LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 645,290, dated March 13, 1900.

Application led May 5| 1899. Serial No. 715,700. (No model.)

To LH 107mm it may concern.'

Beit known that I, EUGENE WArsoN DEM- 1NG,of New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans and State of Louisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Defecating Liquids; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for defecating or removing impurities from liquids, such as saccharine solutions and other solutions requiring chemical action for their removal, such apparatus being of the general character shown and described in United States Letters Patent No. 531,460, granted to me on the 25th day of December, 1891.

The invention refers more specilically to an improved construction in which one absorber may be used with two or more digesters, either separately or in series, whereby either digester may be employed while the other is being cleaned or repaired, or said digesters used in series, so that the liquid may pass successively through and be subjected to the heating action of both digesters.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front elevation of an apparatus made in accordance with my invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are detail sections taken on lines 2 2 and 3 3 of Fig. 1.

As shown in said drawings, A A designate heatingtanks or digesters comprising hori zontally-arranged cylindric shells supported on columns or standards A2 A, Said digesters may be made and are herein shown as having the form of like parts shown in my prior patent, being provided at the frontand rear ends thereof with a plurality of chambers or pockets, between which extend the tubes which constitute the conductors for the liquid to be defecated, as clearly shown and described in said prior patent.

B designates as a whole a heat-absorber which is conveniently located between said digesters and parallel therewith. The said absorber may be of any preferred form and has the same function as the absorber shown and described in my former patent-that is to say, the liquid as it comes from the pump, by means of which it is forced through the apparatus, passes through said absorber before it reaches the digcster, andthe hot liquid discharged from the digester passes through said absorber in close proximity to the incoming cold liquid, whereby the heat of the hot liquid is taken up by the cold liquid, so that the latter is partially heated before enter ing the digester and the former is discharged from the absorber in a relatively-cooled state.

Referring now to the construction and arrangement of the pipe connections of which the above results are accomplished, said parts are made as follows: G designates a pipe leading from a suitable pump, (not shown,) by means of which the cold liquid from a suitable source of supply is forced through the apparatus. Said pipe G is in communication with a pipe Il, which is connected at its opposite end with one of the passages of the absorbet' B. The solution is discharged from the lower end of the absorber through a pipe l, and said pipe I is connected with horizontallyarranged oppositely-directed pipes J and J by means of a T-iittingj, which pipes J J' are in communication at their opposite ends with the digesters through necks A1 A5, connected with the lower sides of said digesters. The solution from the digesters is discharged from the upper sides thereof through pipes K K, connected with necks A"A7 at the upper sides of said dgesters, which pipes communicate at their other ends with horizon tallyarranged pipes L L", which are connected by means of a Titting l with apipe L2, leading to the lower side of the absorber. Said pipes L L are provided with cut-o valves L3 L4, whereby direct communication between eitherdischargepipe K or K and the absorber may be cut olf. From the upper side of the absorber the solution is discharged through a pipe M, connected therewith, which leads to the clarifying-settlers or other part of the apparatus. The fitting connecting the pipes J J' and I is provided with a three-way valve J2, which is constructed to bc set to direct the fluid discharged from the absorber through the pipe I through either the pipes J or J and to either of the digesters A or A', the other digester in IOO either ease being at this time out of communication with said pipe I and out ot' action, so that it may be cleaned or repaired.

Vhen it is desired to use but one of the digesters-the digester A, for instance-while the other digester is being cleaned or repaired, the valve J2 will be turned so as to direct the solution discharged from the absorber through the pipe J, connected with the digester A. From the digester A the solution will be discharged through the pipes ILL, and L2 into the lower side ot the absorber and thence outwardly, as before described. 'lhe valve L* in the pipe L' will at this time be closed,so as to prevent the passage ot' the liquid into the discharge-pipe K'. It', however, it is desired to use the digester A' and not the digester A, the valve J2 will be turned so as to cut uit the pipe J and to bring the pipe I into commuuicat ion with the digcstcr A' through the pipe J". '.lhe valve L3 will at this time be closed and the valve L* opened, so that the heated liquid discharged from the digester A' will be directed to the pipe L2, leading to the absorber.

In some instances it may not be desirabie to pass the entire quantity ot' cold liuid through the absorber, but only such portion thereof as will absorb the desired amount of heat from the heated fluid. For such purpose I have provided connections between the supply-pipe G and the pipe connections between the lower side of the absorber and the digesters, whereby a portion of the incoming liuid may pass around the absorber on its way to the digester. As herein shown, such connection consists of a pipe N, connected with the pipe G at the ljunction thereof with the pipe II by a T-fitting g, which pipe leads downwardly and communicates at its lower end with the pipe I just above the connection thereof with the digcster-pipes J J'. A three-way valve G" is employed between the pipe G and pipes lI and N, which may be turned to permit the desired portion of the liquid to pass through the absorber and the remaining portion thereof to pass around the absorber through the pipe N. Again, it may be desirable to pass the liquid successively through said digesters A and A', or vice versa, to subject tht` same to a larger area of heating-surface. In such case the initial heater or digester may be heated to a moderate extent by exhaust-steam from an engine in the building in which the apparatus is located 0r by live steam under low pressure, while the other digester will be heated with highpressure steam in order to secure the necessary degree of h eat, which for su gar-cane j uice willbe in the neighborhood of 250 Fahrenheit. 'lhe connections by which the liquid maybe thus made to pass successively through said digesters is as follows: Assuming, t'or instance, that the liquid as it leaves the absorber will pass first through the digester A, said liquid enters the lower side of the digester from the absorber through the pipes I and J, as heretofore described. The pipe K, however, at the discharge side of said digester is provided with a branch 0, which latter is connected at its lower end with a horizontally-arranged pipe or head P, which is connected at its opposite ends with the necks A4 A"l at the delivery sides ol' the digesters A A'. The discharge-pipe K', leading from the digester A', is similarly provided with a branch pipe 0', whichis in communication at its lower end with the horizontal pipe or head P. Said branch pipes O 0' are provided with valves O2 O3, which may be opened to permit the passage of the liquid therethrough into the pipe P or closed to cut oit such communication. Said pipe P is provided between the points of communication with the pipes O O' therewith and the digester with valves P' P2, by which communication between said pipe or head and one ol` the digesters may be cut oil. With this arrangement when it is desired to force the liquid through both ot said digesters and to use the digester A, for instance, as the initial heater the valves L3 and P' on the side adjacent to the digester A will be closed and the valve O"2 in the branch pipe O and valve P2 in the pipe P will be opened, so that the liquid from the discharge-pipe K of the initial digester A will pass directly through the branch pipe 0 and the pipe P to the delivery side of the second or high-pressure digester A'. At this time the valve O3 in the branch pipe O', connected with the dischargepipe K' of the digestcr A', and the valve L3 of the pipe L will be closed, while the adjacent valve Ltl in the pipe L' will be opened, so that the heated liquid will pass directly from the high-pressure digester to the absorber. Similarly the solution may be made to pass [irst through the digester A' as the initial or low-pressure heater, in which event the valve J2 will be turned to cut oli communication with the digester A and to direct the liquid through the pipe J' to the digester A', while the valve L, adjacent to said digester A', will be closed, and the valve 03 in the branch pipe O' and valve P', adjacent to the digester A, will be opened to aiord free comin unication between the discharge-pipe K' and the digester A. In this instance the valve L8 will be opened and the valve O2 closed, so as to direct the liquid discharged from the second or high-pressure digester .A into the lower side of the absorber through the pipes K, L, and L2.

The construction described, whereby one absorber may be used with two digesters and so constructed as to be connected with either of said digesters, the other digester at such time being cut otf from the absorber, so that it may be cleaned and repaired, is of much importance. One important practical advantage of such construction is that the capacity of a mill may be greatly increased without correspondingly increasing the cost of the apparatus used therein. This will be understood from a consideration of the fact that if IOC IIO

but one digester be connected with the absorber the entire apparatus will necessarily need to be closed down when it is desired to clean the digester, thereby entirely cutting off the output of the mill. If one absorber be connected with each digester and two digesters be employed for the purpose of insuring a constant output from the factory, the expense for the additional absorber would obviously be considerable. It will be understood that in an apparatus of this character the absorber is made of considerably-less area than the digester, so that the velocity of the liquid through the absorber is considerably greater than in the digester, and the absorber does not therefore require to be cleaned so often as the digesters.

Moreover, [the construction in which the absorber is connected with said digesters, so that the liquid discharged from the absorber may pass successively through the digesters, greatly increases the capacity of the apparatus as a whole. This is due to the fact that the liquid, being exposed to a greater area of heating-surface than in a single digester, may be forced through thc apparatus at a greater velocity, and therefore a given quantity of liquid may be treated in a much shorter time than in the apparatus heretofore used.

I clailn as my inventionl. In adefecating apparatus, the combination with a heat-absorber and a plurality of digesters, of pipes connecting the same to permit said absorber to be used with said digesters separately or in series and with either of the said digesters as the initial heater.

In a defecating apparatus, the combination of a heat-absorber and a pluralityof digesters, of a pipe in communication with the induction end of both of said digesters, a pipe leading from said absorber to the digesterpipe, a three-way valve between said absorber and digester-pipes, a second pipe in communication with the induction ends of said digesters, pipes leading from the eduction ends of said digesters to the absorber and provided with branch pipes which lead to said second digester-pipe, and valves in said discharge and branch pipes and second digester-pipe, whereby the absorber may be used with said digesters either separately or in series, and in the lattercase with either of said digesters as initial heater.

3. In a defecating apparatus, the combination with a heat-absorber and a plurality of digesters, of a pipe in communication with the induction ends of both of said digesters, a pipe leading from said absorber to the digester-pipe, a three-way valve between said absorberand digester-pipes, a second pipe in communication with the induction ends of said digesters, valves in said pipe near said digesters, pipes leading from the eduction ends of said digesters to the absorber and provided with branch pipes leading to said second digester-pipe, valves in said dischargepipes between said branch pipes and absorber, and valves in the branch pipes.

l. In a deieeating apparatus, the combination with a heat-absorber and a digester, of

` a pipe leading to the induction end for cold solution of said absorber, a pipe leading from the eduction end thereof to the digester, a branch pipe connected at one end with said delivery-pipe and in communication at its other end with a pipe which leads from the absorber to the digester, a valve between said branch and delivery pipes, and a pipe leading from the eduction end of the digester to the absorber.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix mysignature, in presence of two witnesses, this lst day of May, A. D.

ISBD.

EUGENE WATSON DEMING. Witnesses:

L. READ VILLARS, C. RoBr. CHURCHILL. 

